unusual women in the native american community ie: nancy ward

Order Description

 

have a good number of both primary and secondary sources. This will be the major part of your grade. Papers should have at least 8 primary sources and then another 10
secondary sources (books & articles).

 

FORMATTING YOUR PAPER – What It Should Look Like

You must follow these rules when writing your paper. Following or not following these rules will have a significant effect on your grade. So for History classes, your
paper must be formatted according to the Chicago Manual of Style. That means NO parenthetical notes at the end of sentences, but we use the little Endnote/Footnote
superscripted numbers. Please utilize Kate L. Turabian’s A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Get most
up-to-date edition. But a lot of good info is found below. Follow it closely or you will lose grade points.

Next, you should know how to adjust your computer software to do all this. Your computer is a tool and you should know how to use it for university papers. So know how
to put in Endnotes and make your endnotes into Arabic Numerals, how to put in page numbers, how to single-space or double-space, how to create a separate page by
pressing Control – Shift, etc.

 

No Cover Page. You will just start on the first page. Single-space your Name, Class, and Date at the Top Left Corner of the First page.

 

Title. Title should go at the top of the first page, centered on page. Titles are important as they let me know what you are planning to write about. All papers MUST
have a title. In a research paper, you pick your own title If a book exam, then the title should be publishing info of book: author’s name, book title, city,
publisher, and date published.

 

Font: 14 pt. Times New Roman

 

Margins: 1-inch on all four sides. Measure them before you turn in your paper.

 

Page Numbers: Please put page numbers at the upper right corner of your paper. These should be on every page. They do not have to be on the first page, but if they are
it is okay. Do not add your name or other things in front of the page number [header], just the page number.

 

Name/Date information. This should be single-spaced at top left corner of the first page only. This should include: your Name, Class, and date. So three lines only.

 

Line Spacing. The text of the paper is double-spaced. The only things not double-spaced are the Name/Class/Date information at the top left on the first page, the
individual Endnotes and Works Cited citations, though you double space between Endnotes and between the Works Cited citations.

 

Length.

300-level paper should between 10-15 pages of text.
These numbers do not include the endnotes and your Works Cited pages, which should be page numbered but come after the text length.

 

Endnotes. Please use Endnotes, not Footnotes. These should start on a separate page and will appear at the end of your paper. Your computer software program should do
this for you. It will also format them for you and allow it to do so. Endnotes should be given in Arabic Numerals and you should know how to adjust this with your
software. Double-space between endnote citations (say between Note 3 and Note 4) so they create a break and is not just a mass of gray space. Please ensure that your
endnotes start on a separate page. Please see below on how to cite endnotes. Do Not Use “Ibids” in your paper. Just provide the shortened version of the citation [see
below].

 

Works Cited. These should start on a separate page but be page numbered. You will provide a Works Cited (similar to a bibliography, but not the same) of the sources
that you actually cite in your endnotes. The Works Cited must mesh with the endnotes and the endnotes must mesh with the Works Cited. Be sure to check them against
each other. Works Cited sources must be divided into Primary Sources (given first) and Secondary Sources (given second). Sources are cited alphabetically by the
author’s last name or archives. Please see below on how to cite Works Cited sources.

 

How Many Endnotes/Footnotes and Works Cited Sources? At least:
300-level paper – 5 Primary Sources & at least an additional 8 Secondary Sources.

400-level paper – 8 Primary Sources & at least an additional 10 Secondary Sources.

500-level paper – To Be Discussed with Prof. but about 10 Primary, 20 Secondary

 

Internet Sources and using Internet Sources. If you look at a published book or article on JSTOR or the like that can usually be found in a library, then you do not
have to say you saw it on the internet. Anything that can be found in a library that you read on the internet is okay and you don’t have to show it came from the
internet. But if you use a cite specific to the internet, that cannot be found published in a library or journal, then you must provide the site’s name, the URL, and
the date you accessed it.

 

When do you need an Endnote/Footnote? Essentially, all information that is not general common knowledge needs a note citation. If I have to ask where this info comes
from, then you need to provide a note. A good rule of thumb is that every paragraph needs an Endnote citation. Also, all quotes must be cited with a note. They come at
the end of the sentence. In many cases, you can combine several citations into a single Endnote/Footnote. You just separate them with a semi-colon [;].

 

ENDNOTES/FOOTNOTES – What They Should Look Like

*Remember, Endnotes/Footnotes are superscripted in Arabic Numerals. All information and all quotes need to have a note citation. Be sure you know how to do this in
your software.*

 

Book (first time cited):

David La Vere, Contrary Neighbors: Southern Plains and Removed Indians in Indian Territory (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2000), 29.

 

(after first citation):

La Vere, Contrary Neighbors, 34

 

Article in journal (first citation):

Christopher S. Peebles and Susan M. Kus, “Some Archaeological Correlates of Ranked Societies.” American Antiquity 42 (July 1977): 422.

 

Article in journal (after first citation):

Peebles and Kus, “Some Archaeological Correlates,” 203.

 

Article in anthology (first citation):

Ann M. Early, “Prehistory of the Western Interior After 500 B.C.” in Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast. Volume 14. Edited by William C. Sturtevant and
Raymond D. Fogelson. 20 volumes. (Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004), 14: 561-63.

 

Article in anthology (after first citation):

Early, “Prehistory,” 14:565

 

 

WORKS CITED CITATIONS – What They Should Look Like

Book

La Vere, David. Contrary Neighbors: Southern Plains and Removed Indians in Indian Territory. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2000.

 

Journal Article

Peebles, Christopher S. and Susan M. Kus, “Some Archaeological Correlates of Ranked Societies.” American Antiquity 42 (July 1977): 422-63.

 

Article in anthology

Early, Ann M. “Prehistory of the Western Interior After 500 B.C.” in Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast. Volume 14. Edited by William C. Sturtevant and
Raymond D. Fogelson. 20 volumes. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004. 14: 561-63.

 

Edited Book or Anthology

Sturtevant, William C. Sturtevant and Raymond D. Fogelson, eds. Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast. Vol. 14. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.

 

 

Some Common Style Issues

Each of the below examples might have different application in certain instances. You should look at Turabian if you have any doubt.

 

Titles: Usually shortened when before a name — Mr. Mrs. Ms. Rev. Col. Gen. Dr. – but spelled out when no name is involved: “Dr. Watson went to see the doctor.” Be
sure to use periods correctly in titles: Ph.D B.A. M.A. Esq. LtCol. For monarchs and popes: Charles II, Elizabeth I, Pope Francis II. For presidents and congressmen:
Pres. Abraham Lincoln; Sen. Richard Burr; Rep. Susi Hamilton.

 

Geographical Places: In the text, spell out states, countries mountains, bodies of water, etc. – “Grandfather Mountain is found in North Carolina.” In endnotes or
bibliographies, these are shortened to two letter abbreviations: NC, LA, TX, US, UK, GB

 

Numbers: Numbers between up to one hundred are spelled out. If you just say hundred, thousand, million without a specific number, then these are spelled out. Anything
between 101 and infinity are given as numerals. Any number that starts a sentence is spelled out.

Three, fifteen, ninety-nine, 101, 1,000, 250,000, four million, 12 million; “Two hundred graduate students found jobs this year.”; “He must have had a thousand
marbles, but I saw at least 250 clear ones.”

 

Currency: If amount is spelled out, then so is the currency: five dollars; thirty-three cents. Us numbers if you use the $ sign in front: $5; $1.95; $60 million; $212
billion.

 

Dates: Usually day, month, year with no commas in scholarly writing: 25 June 1876; 6 June 1944, 22 September 1711. Use abbreviations in endnotes and bibliographies.

 

Centuries: Always spelled out and in lower case: sixteenth century; twentieth century, twenty-first century; the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; late sixteenth
centuries wars.

 

Government & Military designations: Pretty much the same as when you spell out or use numerals for numbers: Eighty-fifth Congress; 107th Congress; Seventh Cavalry;
First Marine Division; 899 Tank Battalion; 101 Airborne; Ninth Ward; Third Reich; First Continental Congress.

 

Writing Your Paper – How It Should Read

Read your paper out loud before you turn it in. This is important as it lets you hear the rhythm of your paper or the lack of it. If it does not sound good to your
ear, then please re-write or edit your paper.

 

Proofread your paper. Never turn in the first draft. Read it out loud first, go over it again, and make any corrections, move any paragarphs, rewrite any sentences,
and correct all mistakes before you turn it in.

 

Write in compete sentences, use paragraphs, and other instructions. You are university students and so should have a basic knowledge of grammar, syntax, paragraphing,
and spelling. Use a dictionary, your computer’s spell checker, or go to the Writing Center in Randall Library. Please do use paragraphs, as they are important in
understanding your work.

 

Quotes! Avoid too many or too long quotes. I want you to use your own words. If you do use quotes, then use one short one very two pages or so. Avoid long quotes or
lots of them. When I see that, I know you’re using quotes as crutches, letting them say what you should be saying in your own words. This will work against your grade.
So the best rule is to not use quotes at all.

 

Never use “I,” “You,” “We,” or other personal pronouns. This is not done in scholarly writing.

 

Never use contractions or quotes. Contractions, like “can’t,” “won’t,” etc. are not used in scholarly writing. Also, don’t use quotes in your paper as too often
students tend to use quotes to say what they should say in their own words.

 

Tenses and voice. This is history, it happened in the past, so always use the past tense. When you write, avoid the passive voice – which is different than the past
tense. Write in the active voice. “He was asking” = passive voice; “He asked” = active voice.

 

Avoid late papers. If you miss the deadline, then you automatically lose two (2) letter grades for missing the deadline. You then lose an additional letter grade for
each day your paper is late after the deadline. It will become a zero (0) when I return papers if it is not in by then. If you have a late paper, then you must contact
me via email to discuss submitting

 

Title of Paper Goes Here:

Be Sure it Clearly Says What your Paper is About

 

 

Begin your text here. All paragraphs should have its first line indented 5 spaces. Be sure your text is double-spaced. When you use an Endnote, go to the References
tab at top, click the little square at the bottom right of that area and a box will come up. Be sure to change your Endnotes numbers from Roman Numerals (i, ii, ix) or
Arabic Numerals (1,2, 3). It looks like this.[1] Write in Times New Roman 14-point.

Do not quadruple space between paragraphs, but just indent your first line 5 spaces. That lets the readers know that this is a new paragraph. And you have to use
paragraphs.[2] Make sure your Endnotes start on a separate page. You can do this by going to just above where the Endnotes start and then hitting Control – Enter. Type
in “Endnotes” at the top of that page.

Be sure your papers has a Works Cited. That means you must list all the sources that you actually cite in your paper. So if you list it in the Works Cited, then it
must be in the Endnotes and if it is in the Endnotes, then it must be in the Works Cited.[3]

Works Cited

 

Note: Notice how the Sources are single spaced, are divided into Primary Sources and Secondary Sources, and have books italicized and articles in quotation marks.

 

Primary Sources

Barnwell, Joseph W. “The Tuscarora Expedition: Letters of Colonel John Barnwell.” South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine 9 (January 1908): 28-54.

 

Joseph W. Barnwell, “The Second Tuscarora Expedition.” The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine 10 (January 1909): 35-48.

 

Barlowe, Arthur. “Arthur Barlowe’s Narrative of the 1584 Voyage,” in David Beers Quinn and Alison M. Quinn, eds., The First Colonists: Documents on the Planting of the
First English Settlements in North America, 1584-1590. Raleigh: North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, 1982, 1-12.

 

 

Secondary Sources

Barth, Jonathan Edward, “The Sinke of America”: Society in the Albemarle Borderlands of North Carolina, 1663-1729.” North Carolina Historical Review 87 (Jan. 2010): 1
-27.

 

Eames, Steven C. Rustic Warriors: Warfare and the Provincial Soldier on the new England Frontier, 1689-1748. New York: New York University Press, 2011.

 

 

Endnotes

 

1 This is a first endnote.

 

2 This is your second endnote. But then double space between them. See how I did it.

 

3 Here is another endnote. Be sure to got to the one above it and hit enter to double space between it.