Drosophila Gene Mapping.

Assignment Tasks:
You are working as a work experience student in the CSIRO entomology researching Drosophila. Your supervisor has set you investigating the inheritance of Drosophila using Gene Mapping.
Write a scientific report which shows the results of tasks 1-4 and your analysis of these provided results.

1. In the laboratory you have set up a cross between a 4+V Female and Wild type Male Drosophila.

The 4+V strain is a pure breeding mutant with 4 X-linked recessive genes.
These genes are: Crossveinless Wings cv
Vermillion Eyes v
Yellow Body y
Forked Bristles f

However, the results of your F1 generation all displayed 4+V phenotypes. This indicated that the 4+V female wasn’t a virgin. Unfortunately there isn’t sufficient time for you to repeat your test crosses and score the F2 progeny before you finish your work experience. Produce a punnett square to predict the outcome of the F1 generation showing the 4 X-linked genes to explain why it was known that the 4+V female couldn’t have mated with the wild type males if 4+V phenotypes were observed in the F1 generation. Identify why gene mapping isn’t required to predict the F1 generation.

2. Fortunately, your supervisor has provided you with fly data to analyse. Your supervisor completed the same initial cross and a cross of the F1 flies, which were sibling-mated to produce the F2 generation.

Examine, analyse and report on your supervisor’s raw fly scoring data, which is shown on the following pages. Scoring data was obtained by physically examining each F2 fly and observing if any of the four mutations were present. The supervisor advises you that these results were scored by the previous work experience student who unfortunately couldn’t distinguish the difference between yellow body and wild type bodied flies so there are no scores for the body colour.
She would like you to organise the data and then calculate a gene map to evaluate how accurate the students scoring of the mutant characteristics were.

3. Using a Drosophila Chromosome map predict the outcomes of the F2 generations of these crosses. Your supervisor has provided a spreadsheet to aid you in calculating these percentages. You will need to modify and complete this spreadsheet.

4. Compare the results of your supervisors’ crosses in the F1 & F2 generations with the predicted outcomes. Use a chi-squared (X2) test to compare the predicted results vs observed data.

Research Guidance:
You will need to obtain a drosophila gene map which shows the genes for these mutations listed above.

Background Information:
Research a suitable introduction to provide sufficient overview of your report topic.

Raw Data Scoring- Each row represents one fly. X indicates the mutation was observed on the fly. A blank row indicates the fly showed all wild type traits.

Fly # y cv v f Fly # y cv v f Fly # y cv v f
1 X 41 X 81 X X
2 X X 42 X X 82
3 43 X X X 83
4 X X 44 84 X X X
5 X X X 45 X X X 85
6 X X X 46 X 86 X
7 47 X X X 87 X X X
8 X 48 X X X 88 X X
9 X 49 X X 89 X
10 X X X 50 X 90 X X X
11 X X X 51 X X X 91
12 X X 52 X X 92
13 X X X 53 93 X X
14 X 54 X X X 94
15 X X X 55 95
16 56 96 X X X
17 X X 57 X X 97 X X
18 X 58 X 98 X X
19 59 99
20 60 X X 100 X
21 61 X X 101 X X
22 X X X 62 X X 102 X X
23 X 63 X 103
24 64 X 104
25 X 65 X X 105 X X X
26 66 X X X 106 X
27 X X X 67 X X 107 X
28 68 108 X
29 X X 69 X X X 109 X X
30 X X 70 X X X 110 X X X
31 X X X 71 111 X X
32 X 72 112 X
33 73 X X X 113 X
34 X X 74 X X 114
35 75 X 115 X X X
36 X 76 X 116 X X
37 X 77 X X X 117
38 X X 78 X 118 X
39 X 79 119 X X
40 X 80 120

Assignment Assessment Criteria
REPORT SECTION GRADE DESCRIPTOR CRITERION Well above Above At standard Partial Limited
Title & Introduction
15 Marks Critical Thinking Identify questions and problems
Identify, research and construct questions for investigation; propose hypotheses; and predict possible outcomes (ACSBL001)

Identification and posing of questions and problems that can be investigated scientifically, making reasoned predictions Identification and posing of questions and problems that can be investigated scientifically, making informed predictions Identification and posing of questions and problems that can be investigated, making plausible predictions Selection of questions and problems for investigation, making predictions Use of given investigation questions

Evaluate claims
Interpret a range of scientific and media texts, and evaluate processes, claims and conclusions by considering the quality of available evidence; and use reasoning to construct scientific arguments (ACSBL005)
Evaluation of claims in secondary sources with logical links to science knowledge Evaluation of claims in secondary sources Analysis of claims in secondary sources Statement of relevant claims from secondary sources Statement of claims from secondary sources
Method
10 Marks Investigative Skills & Work practices Plan and conduct
Design investigations, including the procedure/s to be followed, the materials required, and the type and amount of primary and/or secondary data to be collected; conduct risk assessments; and consider research ethics, including animal ethics (ACSBL002)
Explains how the investigation was conducted:
• Explains how data was collected and analysed
● explains how variables are changed, measured and controlled
• explains how to manage safety and ethical considerations Explains how the investigation was conducted:
• Describes how data was collected and analysed
● describes how variables are changed, measured and controlled
• describes how to manage safety and ethical considerations Describes how the investigation was conducted: • identify variables to be changed and measured and controlled
• Describes how data was collected and analysed Describes how the investigation was conducted:
• identifies methods for safe data collection Identifies how the investigation was conducted:

Results
20 Marks Investigative Skills Represent data
Represent data in meaningful and useful ways; organise and analyse data to identify trends, patterns and relationships; qualitatively describe sources of measurement error, and uncertainty and limitations in data; and select, synthesise and use evidence to make and justify conclusions (ACSBL004) Construction of appropriate representations of data to explain patterns and trends.
Uses appropriate tables, graphs and other statistical methods to interpret data. Construction of representations of data to describe patterns and trends.
Uses appropriate tables and graphs. Construction of representations of data to identify patterns and trends.
Uses tables and graphs.
Construction of representations of data to show obvious patterns and trends.
Tables and graphs are not organised in clear manner or are not appropriate for the data type. Use of given representations and data are flawed, tables and or graphs if used are not effective due to serious errors in design.
Discussion & Conclusion
20 Marks Critical Thinking Summarise data to identify relationships and draw conclusions
Select, construct and use appropriate representations to communicate conceptual understanding, solve problems and make predictions (ACSBL006) Analysis of data to draw justified conclusions Analysis of data to draw conclusions consistent with evidence Consideration of data to draw relevant conclusions State conclusions Restatement of information

Reflect, evaluate, and identify improvements to the method
Evaluate conclusions, including identifying sources of uncertainty and possible alternative explanations, and describe specific ways to improve the quality of the data
Evaluation of primary sources of data to explain how proposed modifications will improve the quality of data Evaluation of primary sources of data to propose valid modifications that will improve the quality of data Analysis of primary sources of data to propose valid modifications Statement of simple modifications to methods Statement of obvious modifications to methods
All of report
10 Marks
Communication Communicate ideas
Communicate to specific audiences and for specific purposes using appropriate language, nomenclature, genres and modes, including scientific reports (ACSBL007) Coherent, concise and purposeful use of appropriate scientific language and representations to communicate ideas, methods, findings and solutions Clear and purposeful use of appropriate scientific language and representations to communicate ideas, methods, findings and solutions Use of appropriate scientific language and representations to communicate ideas, methods, findings and solutions Use of aspects of scientific language and representations to communicate ideas, methods, findings and solutions Use of everyday language to communicate ideas, methods, findings and solutions
Introduction and Discussion
15 Marks
Knowledge and Understanding Science Understanding
Continuity of life requires the replication of genetic material and its transfer to the next generation through processes including binary fission, mitosis, meiosis and fertilisation(ACSBL075)
Frequencies of genotypes and phenotypes of offspring can be predicted using probability models, including Punnett squares, and by taking into consideration patterns of inheritance, including the effects of dominant, autosomal and sex-linked alleles and multiple alleles, and polygenic inheritance (ACSBL085) Uses concise but detailed scientific knowledge, examples and diagrams to support the explanation of their predictions and results.

Uses accurate relevant scientific knowledge and diagrams to support the explanation of their predictions and results.

Explains predictions and results using related scientific knowledge.
Attempts to explain their predictions and results using scientific knowledge, however incorrectly or unclearly. Their explanations of predictions and results are either missing, aren’t substantiated by scientific evidence or are incorrect.
Reference List
and in text citations
10 Marks Investigative Skills Referencing
Use of Harvard Referencing style with attached Reference List and use of In-text Citing. Includes a comprehensive Reference list and in-text citing, which both follow Harvard Style referencing protocols. Uses many reliable data sources. Includes a Reference list and in-text citing, which both follow Harvard Style referencing protocols. Uses multiple reliable data sources. Includes a Reference list following Harvard Style referencing protocols using some reliable sources. In-text citing may have been attempted although doesn’t follow style protocols consistently. Includes a Reference list attempting Harvard Style referencing protocols. Reliable sources not used significantly. Reference List is missing or not completed in a formal referencing style. Sources are unreliable.
TOTAL MARK /100 COMMENTS